Zeitgeist -Federal Reserve Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Zeitgeist - Federal Reserve - Essay Example Another law was passed in 1913, which was the government annual duty, where 35% of your pay is paid to the obligations from the Federal Reserve Bank. In any case, the film expresses that there are no laws that command you to settle this expense. War and broad communications are likewise different methods in picking up benefit by these worldwide banks and the Federal Reserve. They advance cash, with enthusiasm to nations associated with war. Broad communications is utilized to engage the general public and letting them center around things that are not fundamental; in this way, permitting notable individuals to do anything they desire. In the start of the video, it was expressed that the American Revolutionary War started in 1775. The film uncovered that the said insurgency was brought about by King George III when he pronounced to confine the settlements to work in their own autonomous cash framework, convincing them to acquire assets from the Central Bank of England, which results to their quick obligations. Part 6- - A People in Revolution mentions to us what had occurred in the American War for Independence over Great Britain (Nash et al. 167). I picked this section in light of the fact that the said war was the consequence of England’s refusal to let its settlements have a fair cash framework. As such, the war was a move by American individuals to escape from the colonization of Great Britain and to be liberated from the cash controllers. America won the war; be that as it may, the journey over the idea of focal banking had just barely started. Alongside the dread and control infused by these individuals, various associations will be and are built up to make a one world government that will rule over each part of a person’s life. In any case, the film expresses that you have a decision between partaking in the framework or to make a world unafraid however brimming with affection. Then again, the substance of the film is disturbing. The film suggests that there are government frameworks that should be

Views of Christianity and Islam Towards Trade

Christianity and Islam are two of the most drilled religions on the planet, and have been for a considerable length of time. These two religions are both monotheistic, which implies they adore one God, or Allah. Begun once again 2000 years back, Christianity depends on the lessons and life of Jesus Christ and was spread all through the Roman Empire. The religion of Islam started from the get-go in 600 C. E. by the prophet Muhammad, and he spread the news of Allah. These religions spread rapidly in Europe and the Middle East. As they advanced, new exchanging courses came to fruition in these areas.Overtime, Christianity and Islam created assessments about the exchanging and organizations action and the individuals who sought after it. As indicated by the religion’s sacred books, the Bible and Qur’an, their perspectives on exchange were diverse from the outset. Christians accepted that individuals ought not exchange; for it was not the quest for man. Muslims were signific antly more lenient of exchange, as long as dealers were straightforward in their bartering. By 1000 C. E, both the religions’ perspectives towards exchange had changed totally. Christian researchers started to train that fair exchange was adequate, while Muslim researchers saw the peril that exchange brought to a man’s soul.By the fifteenth century, perspectives towards exchange had much progressively intense change by and by. Christianity upheld that exchange was supported and commendable, while Muslims accepted shippers were degenerate. At the point when the two religions initially started, Christianity and Islam varied from the outset on their perspectives concerning exchange. As expressed in the Christian Bible, it is practically outlandish for a rich man to enter the realm of God (archive 1). For Christians, from the outset they needed to carry on with an unassuming existence without making any profits.Its said that it was simpler for a camel to experience the ape rture of a needle, than for a rich man to go into the realm of God. With respect to Muslims this contrasted in light of the fact that in the Qur’an, men were permitted to exchange as long as they were straightforward; said in report 2. â€Å"If the two gatherings talk reality and make it show, their exchange will be honored, and in the event that they cover and tell and untruth, the gift of their exchange will be pulverized. † This implies in the event that two individuals exchange decently among one another without cheating, at that point nothing isn't right as indicated by the Islam beliefs.If one of the men are cheated, at that point their business will be cleared out. The purpose of record 1 was that Jesus was a poor man, in this manner his adherents satisfied being poor too. At the point when Christianity began, Christians accepted that so as to go to paradise, they should carry on with a poor and humble life, similar to Jesus did. A similar rationale applies for Muslims in archive 2, who’s author Muhammed was a rich vendor. In record two, the creator is supporting shippers and saying that they will be acknowledged by Allah as long as they are truthful.Muslims unequivocally accepted that it was alright to be a well off trader as long you are straightforward, as Muhammed. Accordingly, the two religions were from the outset diverse in light of the fact that Christianity had negative perspectives toward exchange while Islam was for it; and they were similar on the grounds that the explanation behind their perspectives both followed back to their authors. In reports four and five, the view purposes of Christians and Muslims toward exchange started to change. Christians, who were from the outset against exchange and getting well off from it, presently state that it is alright to exchange as long as you are honest.Stated in report four, â€Å"No man should offer a thing to another man for more than its value. † This is stating that f or men to work with each other, they should not sell things for more than they are worth, or as it were trick one another. While Christian researchers are getting more tolerant towards exchange than they were the point at which the religion began, Islamic researchers are getting increasingly exacting. Muslims currently accept that selling things for a benefit, regardless of whether it is straightforward, is unavoidably influencing the spirit. â€Å"These characteristics lead to an abatement and debilitating in uprightness and manliness,† (report five).The Islam look on exchange currently observes that the strategies that exchange utilizes are stunts planned for making a benefit by making sure about the distinction among purchasing and selling costs. The two religions, be that as it may, are still to some degree comparative since the two of them accept that exchanging for huge benefits can inevitably prompt defilement of the spirit. Perspectives on exchange by Christians and M uslims yet kept on changing considerably further in archives six and seven. It appears in archive six as though Christians were being urged to exchange as long as it included God.Religious compositions of Our Lady were being requested, along these lines Christians currently need individuals to exchange. Likewise in report six it is expressed that, â€Å"You realize God has allowed you to procure incredible wealth in this world, may He be applauded. † It is presently expected for Christian shippers to exchange and use God at the same time. Extra time you can see the change on the perspectives on exchange, in light of the fact that from the start Christians didn't need anybody making a huge benefit. With respect to Muslims, shippers are loosing cash from exchanging. In record seven, Sakaoglu Nasuh is a case of how after some time the trade action has influenced his moral traditions. The previously mentioned has now acted in opposition to the old custom. † This is on the g rounds that he is purchasing all the cotton yarn and selling them at greater expenses. Consequently, not giving different traders a reasonable chance to purchase and sell the cotton too. This is conflicting with what the Islam religion accepted, which is business exercises are satisfactory as long as you are not exploiting others. The Islamic Court most likely said this is report seven since they needed to satisfy the individuals and let them realize that shippers must obey.The two religions keep on varying in these archives since Christians are presently convincing individuals to exchange, while Islam exchanging is turning out to be hoarded. Be that as it may, Christianity and Islam are still similar in which the two of them use religion for instance. The mentalities of Christianity and Islam towards exchange and shippers varied. At the point when the two religions initially started, they had inverse perspectives from one another. Christians considered exchange to be riches as bein g a long way from God and it was not affirmed. Muslims, then again, endured exchange as long as the two gatherings were straightforward and nobody was exploited of.Later on, these perspectives changed when Christians turned out to be progressively tolerant and furthermore acknowledged fair exchange. Muslims at that point considered exchange to be definitely influencing the spirit when vendors got degenerate by outbidding different traders. Nonetheless, we would require extra reports, for example, records from the average folks so as to asses the outcomes of the dealer exercises. We don't have the foggiest idea how the Christians’ or Muslims’ average people saw the exchanging business, subsequently, we can't completely see all parts of the religions towards it.

Meth Mouth The Effects of Methamphetamines on Teeth

Meth Mouth The Effects of Methamphetamines on Teeth Addiction Drug Use Meth Print The Effects of Methamphetamines on Dental Health By Tammy Davenport  Tammy Davenport is a dental assistant with experience on the clinical and administrative side. Learn about our editorial policy Tammy Davenport Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 08, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 23, 2020  Daniel Kaesler / EyeEm  / Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Meth Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Methamphetamine, also known simply as meth, is a strong stimulant street drug thats highly addictive. The use of methamphetamines can cause serious health issues, including severe and highly visible problems with the mouth and teeth. In fact, the association between methamphetamine use and dental disease has become so popularized in media that its been given its own epithet: meth mouth.?? What Is Meth Mouth? “Meth mouth” is a term used to describe the visible effects of oral disease in a person who uses methamphetamine because of the rampant tooth decay that often occurs with the drugs use. People who use methamphetamine may have blackened, stained, broken, or rotting teeth both as a result of side effects of the drug itself and related lifestyle factors.?? While meth mouth is not a clinical diagnosis, according to the American Dental Association, there is a high rate of both dental decay and periodontal disease among people who use methamphetamine. Results of a study published in the Journal of the American Dental Association found, in a group of 571 methamphetamine users:?? 96% had tooth decay31% were missing 6 or more teethOnly 23% had all of their natural teeth6% of older meth users had fewer than 10 teeth40% admitted that they were embarrassed about their dental appearance How Meth Can Damage Your Mouth Methamphetamine use damages dental health in several ways:?? Poor diet: Under the influence of meth and often during withdrawal, people often experience cravings for sugary foods and carbonated beverages, which are bad for teeth.Lack of dental hygiene: The meth high can last up to 12 hours, during which time users often do not practice good dental hygiene such as brushing or flossing, which leave the sugary substances on their teeth for long periods of time.Drug additives: The acidic contents of this drug can also damage teeth. Additives can include battery acid, lantern fuel, antifreeze, hydrochloric acid, drain cleaner, lye, and over-the-counter cold medications containing ephedrine.Bruxism: Methamphetamine use can lead to the development of bruxism, a condition in which people clench and/or grind their teeth.Xerostomia: Stimulant use, including meth, can also lead to xerostomia, or dry mouth, reducing protective saliva around the teeth. Can Meth Mouth Be Reversed? A study of people who use meth in China found that more than 97% had decayed teeth, but prevalence of decay was lower among those who used meth for fewer years and those who brushed their teeth at least twice per day.?? But even when practicing good dental hygiene, its difficult to prevent the dental damage that often occurs with meth use. And while less serious cases of tooth decay can be treated, it cant be reversed. In fact, using methamphetamine can cause decay to the extent that the teeth cannot be saved and must be pulled instead. Unfortunately, there is not much that a dentist can do for a patient with meth mouth and successful treatment usually includes tooth extraction rather than reversal of the oral disease. Ultimately, the best course of treatment for someone living with oral disease caused by meth use is to treat the addiction. The dentist may choose to educate patients on the effects of the drug and offer resources such as drug counseling services. Treating meth addiction is usually a long, ongoing process that requires medical detox along with ongoing therapy and social support to prevent a relapse. A Word From Verywell The physical appearance meth mouth is often shocking, and studies have shown that people who experience it are self-conscious about their appearance.?? Unfortunately, dental disease is but one of the health problems associated with methamphetamine use. If you or a loved one suffers from meth addiction, talk to a doctor, therapist, or attend a support group. Help is available, but its important for you to take the first step and ask for it. Methamphetamine: Everything You’ve Been Afraid to Ask

Zimmermann Telegram in World War I

The Zimmermann Telegram was a diplomatic note sent by the German Foreign Office to Mexico in January 1917 which proposed a military alliance between the two nations should the United States enter World War I (1914-1918) on the side of the Allies. In return for the alliance, Mexico would receive financial assistance from Germany as well as could reclaim territory lost during the Mexican-American War (1846-1848) (1846-1848). The Zimmermann Telegram was intercepted and decoded by the British who in turn shared it with the United States. The release of the telegram in March further inflamed the American public and contributed to the American declaration of war the following month. Background In 1917, As World War I ground on, Germany began assessing options for striking a decisive blow. Unable to break the British blockade of the North Sea with its surface fleet, the German leadership elected to return to a policy of unrestricted submarine warfare. This approach, whereby German U-boats would attack merchant shipping without warning, had been briefly used in 1916 but was abandoned after strong protests by the United States. Believing that Britain could be quickly crippled if its supply lines to North America were severed, Germany prepared to re-implement this approach effective February 1, 1917. Concerned that the resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare could bring the United States into the war on the side of the Allies, Germany began making contingency plans for this possibility. To this end, German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann was instructed to seek a military alliance with Mexico in the event of war with the United States. In return for attacking the United States, Mexico was promised the return of territory lost during the Mexican-American War (1846-1848), including Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona, as well as substantial financial assistance. German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann. Public Domain Transmission As Germany lacked a direct telegraph line to North America, the Zimmermann Telegram was transmitted over American and British lines. This was permitted as President Woodrow Wilson allowed the Germans to transmit under the cover of U.S. diplomatic traffic in hopes that he could remain in touch with Berlin and broker a lasting peace. Zimmermann sent the original coded message to Ambassador Johann von Bernstorff on January 16, 1917. Receiving the telegram, he forwarded it on to Ambassador Heinrich von Eckardt in Mexico City via commercial telegraph three days later. Mexican Response After reading the message, von Eckardt approached the government of President Venustiano Carranza with the terms. He also asked Carranza to aid in forming an alliance between Germany and Japan. Listening to the German proposal, Carranza instructed his military to determine the feasibility of the offer. In assessing a possible war with the United States, the military determined that it largely lacked the capability to re-take the lost territories and that German financial assistance would be useless as the United States was the only significant arms producer in the Western Hemisphere. President Venustiano Carranza of Mexico. Public Domain Furthermore, additional arms could not be imported as the British controlled the sea lanes from Europe. As Mexico was emerging from a recent civil war, Carranza sought to improve relations with the United States as well as other nations in the region such as Argentina, Brazil, and Chile. As a result, it was determined to decline the German offer. An official response was issued to Berlin on April 14, 1917, stating that Mexico had no interest in allying with the German cause. British Interception As the ciphertext of the telegram was transmitted through Britain, it was immediately intercepted by British code breakers who were monitoring traffic originating in Germany. Sent to the Admiraltys Room 40, code breakers found that it was encrypted in cipher 0075, which they had partially broken. Decoding parts of the message, they were able to develop an outline of its content. Realizing that they possessed a document that could compel the United State to join the Allies, the British set about developing a plan that would allow them to unveil the telegram without giving away that they were reading neutral diplomatic traffic or that they had broken German codes. To deal with the first issue, they were able to correctly guess that the telegram was sent over commercial wires from Washington to Mexico City. In Mexico, British agents were able to obtain a copy of the ciphertext from the telegraph office. This was encrypted in cipher 13040, which the British had captured a copy of in the Middle East. As a result, by mid-February, British authorities had the complete text of the telegram. To deal with the code breaking issue, the British publicly lied and claimed they had been able to steal a decoded copy of the telegram in Mexico. They ultimately alerted the Americans to their code breaking efforts and Washington elected to back the British cover story. On February 19, 1917, Admiral Sir William Hall, the head of Room 40, presented a copy of the telegram to the secretary of the U.S. Embassy, Edward Bell.​​ Stunned, Hall initially believed the telegram to be a forgery but passed it on to Ambassador Walter Hines Page the next day. On February 23, Page met with Foreign Minister Arthur Balfour and was shown the original ciphertext as well as the message in both German and English. The next day, the telegram and verifying details were presented to Wilson. Ambassador Walter Hines Page. Library of Congress American Response News of the Zimmermann Telegram was quickly released and stories about its contents appeared in the American press on March 1. While pro-German and anti-war groups claimed that it was a forgery, Zimmermann confirmed the telegrams contents on March 3 and March 29. Further inflaming the American public, which was angered over the resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare (Wilson broke diplomatic relations with Germany on February 3 over this issue) and the sinking SS Houstonic (February 3) and SS California (February 7), the telegram further pushed the nation towards war. On April 2, Wilson asked Congress to declare war on Germany. This was granted four days later and the United States entered the conflict. Zimmermann Telegram in World War I The Zimmermann Telegram was a note sent in 1917 from the German Foreign Minister Zimmermann to his ambassador in Mexico, containing details of a proposed alliance against America; it was intercepted and published, strengthening US public support for war against Germany as part of World War One. The Background By 1917 the conflict we call The First World War had been raging for over two years, drawing in troops from Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, and Australasia, although the main battles were in Europe. The main belligerents were, on one side, the German and Austro-Hungarian Empires (the Central Powers) and, on the other, the British, French and Russian Empires (the Entente or Allies). The war had been expected to last just a few months in 1914, but the conflict had dragged on in a stalemate of trenches and massive death tolls, and all sides in the war were looking for any advantage they could gain. The Zimmermann Telegram Sent through a supposedly secure channel devoted to peace negotiations (a transatlantic cable belonging to Scandinavia) on January 19th, 1917, the Zimmermann Telegram – often called the Zimmermann Note — was a memo sent from the German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmermann to the German Ambassador to Mexico. It informed the ambassador that Germany would be resuming its policy of Unrestricted Submarine Warfare (USW) and, crucially, ordered him to propose an alliance. If Mexico would join in a war against the US, they would be rewarded with financial support and re-conquered land in New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona. The ambassador was also to ask the Mexican President to propose his own alliance to Japan, a member of the Allies. Why Did Germany Send the Zimmermann Telegram? Germany had already stopped and started USW — a program of sinking any shipping coming near their enemies in an attempt to starve them of food and materials — because of fierce US opposition. Americas official neutrality involved trading with all belligerents, but in practice, this meant the Allies and their Atlantic coastlines rather than Germany, who suffered from a British blockade. Consequently, US shipping was frequently a victim. In practice, the US was giving the UK aid which had prolonged the war. The German high command knew renewed USW would probably cause the US to declare war on them, but they gambled on shutting Britain down before an American army could arrive in force. The alliance with Mexico and Japan, as proposed in the Zimmermann Telegram, was intended to create a new Pacific and Central American Front, greatly distracting the US and aiding the German war effort. Indeed, after USW resumed the US severed diplomatic relations with Germany and began debating an entry into the war. The Leak However, the secure channel wasnt secure at all: British intelligence intercepted the telegram and, recognizing the effect it would have on US public opinion, released it to America on February 24th, 1917. Some accounts claim the US State Department was also illegally monitoring the channel; either way, US President Wilson saw the note on the 24th. It was released to the world press on March 1st. Reactions to the Zimmermann Telegram Mexico and Japan immediately denied having anything to do with the proposals (indeed, the Mexican President was content at a recent American withdrawal from his country and Germany could offer little beyond moral support), while Zimmermann admitted the Telegrams authenticity on March 3rd. It had often been asked why Zimmermann came right out and fully admitted things instead of pretending otherwise. Despite Germanys complaint that the Allies had been wiretapping secure peace networks, the US public — still concerned at Mexicos intentions following trouble between the two — was aghast. A vast majority reacted to both the Note, and weeks of growing anger at USW, by backing war against Germany. However, the note itself did not provoke the US into joining the war. Things might have stayed as they were, but then Germany made the mistake which cost them the war and restarted Unrestricted Submarine Warfare again. When the American Congress approved Wilsons decision to declare war on April 6th in reaction to this, there was just 1 vote against. Full Text of The Zimmermann Telegram On the first of February, we intend to begin submarine warfare unrestricted. In spite of this, it is our intention to endeavor to keep neutral the United States of America. If this attempt is not successful, we propose an alliance on the following basis with Mexico: That we shall make war together and together make peace. We shall give general financial support, and it is understood that Mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona. The details are left to you for settlement. You are instructed to inform the President of Mexico of the above in the greatest confidence as soon as it is certain that there will be an outbreak of war with the United States and suggest that the President of Mexico, on his own initiative, should communicate with Japan suggesting adherence at once to this plan; at the same time, offer to mediate between Germany and Japan. Please call to the attention of the President of Mexico that the employment of ruthless submarine warfare now promises to compel England to make peace in a few months. Zimmerman (Sent January 19, 1917)

The Shift of Culture in Compton and the Transcendent...

In less than forty years, the city of Compton went from a shielded suburb near the confines of Los Angeles, to a terrorizing image of American culture. The results of this transformation and creation of â€Å"gangsta rap† is still well renowned today. Through de jure segregation, Reagan economics, undermining of black prosperity, N.W.A., and â€Å"Boyz n the Hood†, the city of Compton told its story and became a global image. This paper will analyze the shift of culture in Compton and the transcendent cultural effect it formed in America. Thousands of migrants in the 1920’s - 1950’s envisioned Compton, California as the perfect place to settle down and ideal center for industrial workers. That vision did come true for white Americans, although it†¦show more content†¦This was a unique case in African American history and one of the most compelling stories of Compton in my opinion. Blacks were predominant in a suburban setting for one of the few t imes in history. There was a very short window of overlapping segregation and black prosperity in the United States, but Compton fulfilled that window. Black students did well in Compton and Compton Community College became an excellent choice of education. During this time the first black mayor and councilmen were elected. African Americans were beginning to break social barriers in Compton. Compton took its most critical hit when deindustrialization struck. Manufactures followed other industries in seeking to lower their tax burden, open new markets, and increase their plant size. With more than one-third of Compton’s population employed in manufacturing, the city broke its social and economic threshold. The backlash stemmed from an increase in gang and drug related activities. The aging middle-class was increasingly outnumbered by a troubled youth. Children, who were once encouraged by their parents’ success, were now hanging their heads. By 1970 the Bloods and the Crips were created right outside of Compton. The â€Å"crack explosion† of the 1980’s only intensified crime, violence, and murder rates. From middle-class to neighborhood terror, the prosperity relinquished by African Americans in Compton had promptly crumbled right in front of everyone’s eyes. The issues created during this

Was Alfred Hitchcock a Misogynist Free Essays

Of course Alfred Hitchcock was a misogynist, or at least had a neurotic compulsion to mistreat women in his films: everyone knows that. Or do they? If so, one must assume also that most of his heroines were masochistic, in that nearly all his leading actresses seem to have adored him. And if there was mistreatment, it mostly seems to have been meted out, and perceived by its apparent victims, as all in the spirit of innocent merriment. We will write a custom essay sample on Was Alfred Hitchcock a Misogynist or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ivor Montagu, longtime friend and script collaborator of Hitch, told me that one of the first famous examples, the ordeals undergone by Madeleine Carroll while handcuffed to Robert Donat in The 39 Steps, arose because he and Hitch had known her before she went off to Hollywood as very much one of the lads, and suspected she might need to be jollied out of any Hollywood big-star nonsense. And, moreover, that she gave as good as she got, involving Hitch in succession of practical jokes. Well, what about that snippet of sound test for Anny Ondra in Blackmail, in which he reduces her to helpless giggles with a couple of off-colour jokes?Subject to passionate feminist condemnation, it yet seems to be perceived by both participants as whimsically flirtatious, and Ondra and her husband, the boxer Max Schmelling, remained close friends of Hitch’s for the rest of their lives. True, there appears to be little fun in Tippi Hedren’s ordeal in the attic with the birds, but then that arises inevitably from the dramatic situation in the film. And even Hedren, despite her quarrels with Hitchcock over his more-than-professional possessiveness, had no complaints about the support he normally gave her. In his private and professional lives Hitchcock was always surrounded by women. He and his wife had just one child, a daughter, and she produced three grandchildren, all daughters. But where choice was available, in his professional dealings, his office was entirely staffed by women. There was a succession of female personal assistants, as well as the usual complement of secretaries, and his wife Alma was always his most professional, as well as personal, assistant of all. An experienced film editor when he was mainly making the tea, she was always appealed to as the ltimate authority in the cutting room. When the composer Bernard Herrmann first met Alma at Hitchcock’s unit office he later observed: â€Å"There will be trouble. That woman is consumed with jealousy. † So how had she felt about, say, Joan Harrison being Hitch’s personal assistant? For Harrison, whom Hitchcock brought over from England with him in 1939, was a cool blonde with a sizzle underneath. She launched immediately into a blazing affair with Clark Gable, while John Houseman assured me that she was never Hitchcock’s mistress – â€Å"and I can say that, because for some time she was mine†.Peggy Robertson, Hitch’s last and longest personal assistant, was the opposite: a jolly-hockey-stick kind of English lady. When she came to Hollywood she asked Hitch whether she would be expected to follow Joan as his mistress. He replied: â€Å"I can say with complete conviction that I was never between the sheets with Joan. † â€Å"Well, that’s not saying much,† said Peggy; â€Å"What about on the hearth-rug, in the haystack, over the kitchen table? † Hitch gave a convincing look of horror: â€Å"Do people really do thin gs like that? †The playwright Rodney Ackland, who worked with Hitchcock on the script of Number Seventeen in 1932, was exceptional in that he was openly gay. Hitch was fascinated, and once said to him: â€Å"I think I would have been a poof if I hadn’t met Alma at the right time. † An exaggerated view of his coming to terms with his feminine side? Who can say? But undeniably he was more at home with women. Happy as he might be with his leading men, they were not the ones he identified with, and for his bosom buddies you have to look entirely on the other side of the gender gap. How to cite Was Alfred Hitchcock a Misogynist, Papers

Human Cloning Isnt as Scary as It Sounds Essay Example For Students

Human Cloning Isnt as Scary as It Sounds Essay Human Cloning Isnt as Scary as It SoundsThe recent news of the successful cloning of an adult sheepin which the sheeps DNA was inserted into an unfertilized sheep egg to producea lamb with identical DNAhas generated an outpouring of ethical concerns. Theseconcerns are not about Dolly, the now famous sheep, nor even about theconsiderable impact cloning may have on the animal breeding industry, but ratherabout the possibility of cloning humans. For the most part, however, the ethicalconcerns being raised are exaggerated and misplaced, because they are based onerroneous views about what genes are and what they can do. The danger, therefore,lies not in the power of the technology, but in the misunderstanding of itssignificance. Producing a clone of a human being would not amount to creating a carbon copyan automaton of the sort familiar from science fiction. It would be more likeproducing a delayed identical twin. And just as identical twins are two separatepeoplebiologically, psychologically, morally and legally, though notgeneticallyso a clone is a separate person from his or her non-contemporaneoustwin. To think otherwise is to embrace a belief in genetic determinismthe viewthat genes determine everything about us, and that environmental factors or therandom events in human development are utterly insignificant. The overwhelmingconsensus among geneticists is that genetic determinism is false. As geneticists have come to understand the ways in which genes operate, theyhave also become aware of the myriad ways in which the environment affects theirexpression. The genetic contribution to the simplest physical traits, such asheight and hair color, is significantly mediated by environmental factors. Andthe genetic contribution to the traits we value most deeply, from intelligenceto compassion, is conceded by even the most enthusiastic genetic researchers tobe limited and indirect. Indeed, we need only appeal to our ordinary experiencewith identical twinsthat they are different people despite their similaritiesto appreciate that genetic determinism is false. Furthermore, because of the extra steps involved, cloning will probably alwaysbe riskierthat is, less likely to result in a live birththan in vitrofertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer. (It took more than 275 attempts beforethe researchers were able to obtain a successful sheep clone. While cloningmethods may improve, we should note that even standard IVF techniques typicallyhave a success rate of less than 20 percent.) So why would anyone go to thetrouble of cloning?There are, of course, a few reasons people might go to the trouble, and so itsworth pondering what they think they might accomplish, and what sort of ethicalquandaries they might engender. Consider the hypothetical example of the couplewho wants to replace a child who has died. The couple doesnt seek to haveanother child the ordinary way because they feel that cloning would enable themto reproduce, as it were, the lost child. But the unavoidable truth is that theywould be producing an entirely different person, a delay ed identical twin ofthat child. Once they understood that, it is unlikely they would persist. But suppose they were to persist? Of course we cant deny that possibility. Buta couple so persistent in refusing to acknowledge the genetic facts is notlikely to be daunted by ethical considerations or legal restrictions either. Ifour fear is that there could be many couples with that sort of psychology, thenwe have a great deal more than cloning to worry about. Another disturbing possibility is the person who wants a clone in order to haveacceptable spare parts in case he or she needs an organ transplant later inlife. But regardless of the reason that someone has a clone produced, the resultwould nevertheless be a human being with all the rights and protections thataccompany that status. It truly would be a disaster if the results of humancloning were seen as less than fully human. But there is certainly no moraljustification for and little social danger of that happening; after all, we donot accord lesser status to children who have been created through IVF or embryotransfer. .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31 , .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31 .postImageUrl , .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31 , .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31:hover , .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31:visited , .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31:active { border:0!important; } .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31:active , .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31 .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucc5ee7257c788ca0de87207563c45d31:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Who Do We Think We Are? EssayThere are other possibilities we could spin out. Suppose a couple wants adesigner childa clone of Cindy Crawford or Elizabeth Taylorbecause they wanta daughter who will grow up to be as attractive as those women. Indeed, supposesomeone wants a clone, never mind of whom, simply to enjoy the notoriety ofhaving one. We cannot rule out such cases as

Beef Scares Europe essays

Beef Scares Europe essays The strange disease, called bovine spongiform encephalopathy, better known as BSE, had its origin in 1985, when the first official case of mad-cow disease was detected in Britain. In 1988 Britain ordered the slaughter of all cattle infected with BSE but the British manufacturers continued to export banned animal feed to the Continent. In 1990 a cat with symptoms of BSE was discovered. The British Government was frightened and started to watch for human cases. In 1995, the first person died of a Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), the human version of mad-cow disease. Because of this tragic incident the continental Europeans stopped to buy British Beef, British cows and British animal feed in the mid-1990s and thats the reason why many European states felt themselves safe. Nevertheless in the last few weeks the first cases of BSE have been announced in Germany and Spain. In France a panic broke out as well because three supermarkets made public that meat from a dozen cows, which had an infected animal among them, had made its way into the shops. The outcome was that the beef prize dropped down immeasurably. The French public is eating 50 percent less beef than they did a few weeks ago and five neighbour-countries dont import meat from France anymore. The number of victims in Britain has increased to 82 in the last few days. Since last summer also two people in France and one person in Ireland have died from the disease. Doctors say that CJD is a mysterious, incurable illness that attacks the nervous system and destroys the brain and all its functions. Nobody knows when the illness will break out because the human form of the disease can incubate for a decade or more before symptoms appear. Unfortunately there is no cure for it but there are a number of medicaments which can relieve the pain. The bad news is that the number of victims is rising now about 40% because of the long incubation period. ...

Torture during the Algerian War and its relevance on the War on Terror

Torture during the Algerian War and its relevance on the War on Terror During the Algerian War of Independence (1954-1962), the French forces mercilessly tortured their opponents. Although the Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN) also tortured their enemies, the French military use of torture was more widespread.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Torture during the Algerian War and its relevance on the War on Terror specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Torture is defined as â€Å"any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining from him, or a third person, punishing him for an act he or a third person has done†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (United Nations, para.3). The French experience during the Algerian war proves that the use of torture, though regrettable, is important to defeat successfully terrorist organizations around the world. Therefore, is the use of torture justifiable in some instances? The military combat of the FLN was being propelled by self-determination and the French state was equally determined to win the war. The French forces did not acknowledge that the colonial conflict was indeed a war, as this would recognize their opponents as a legitimate entity; therefore, it was until August 1999 that they stopped calling it â€Å"fight against terrorism.† That is why although France was bound by the Geneva conventions it had signed in 1951; it consistently used brutal warfare tactics in fighting against the FLN. As shown by the experience of the French military during the Algerian war, torture is a good way of gaining timely and relevant information from terrorists. For example, in an imaginary situation when a terrorist has planted a nuclear bomb in Washington City, the detonation is going to take place in the next forty-five minutes, and cause widespread destruction. However, when the terrorist is captured, although he knows the exact location of the bomb, he is not g iving any relevant information. What is the best thing to do in such a scenario? Is he left to go scot-free because torturing him will interfere with his â€Å"human rights?† If the individual is not forced to give out the vital information, then thousands of innocent lives are at risk. In such an instance, the choice of the use of torture is allowable in order to acquire certain life-saving information that could not be retrieved easily. Therefore, the use of torture as a tool in the global War on Terror is important in defeating terrorist groups around the world. Concerning this issue, Levin states, â€Å"there are situations in where torture is not only permissible, but morally mandatory† (para.2). Levin illustrates how liberal societies do not allow the use of torture, and how other governments fear the fury of the United Nations if they are suspected of using or even planning to use it; however, he gives a different opinion on this attitude. Levin terms the use of torture as â€Å"a weapon that is important in winning the War on Terror.† At one point, he addresses the above imaginary situation by saying, â€Å"if you caught the terrorist, could you sleep nights, knowing that millions died because you could not bring yourself to apply the electrodes?† (para.4). Some people argue that the use of torture against terrorists is unconstitutional; however, the thousands of lives lost after a terrorist incident far outweighs issues of constitutionality.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More More so, is the use of torture barbaric? The many innocent lives lost due to negligence is more barbaric (Buchanan, para.2).Therefore, the use of torture is permissible in extreme cases since in some intricate situations, it is a matter of balancing between mass murder and the life of one or a few people. As Levin puts it, â€Å"letting millions of innocents die in deference to one who flaunts his guilt is moral cowardice, unwillingness to dirty one’s hands† (para.4). According to this statement, if harsh interrogation tactics can be used as a way of protecting the lives of the innocent, then no one should shy from using them when it is necessary. When a nation fails to use torture, it puts thousands of lives at risk due to terrorist threats. This makes the nation to portray the same cowardice being portrayed by the terrorists. During the Algerian war, the French military did not shy off from torturing the terrorists who were potentially dangerous. If these harsh tactics could be used, then the strategies used by terrorists to wreak havoc could have been discovered by now. Assuming that a victim does not die after he or she has been harshly interrogated, the victim will less likely commit the same crime. Currently, most of the interrogation methods available are laughable and dumb. The French soldiers successively used torture to extract vital information from their opponents. These punishments were meant to ensure that the victims either co-operated with them or confessed some of the enemy schemes. In some circumstances, the use of torture, besides being essential, is the only available option. For example, in 1994, an Israeli was held captive by some Palestinian terrorists. After searching for clues, the Israeli police detained the driver of the car, which was used for carrying out the attack. For them to get the information about the whereabouts of the kidnappers, they were compelled to torture the driver to extract some useful information from him. This is just one example of how torture as played a significant role in the war against terrorism. The Algerian war induced the French military to use torture against its opponents. The French troops were in a difficult situation since most of the time it was not easy to differentiate their opponents from civilians at first sight. This situation was worsened by the fact that their opponents rarely wore easily identifiable war clothes. More so, the civilians were well informed of enemy movements; thus, most of the time they were under suspicion from the French military.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Torture during the Algerian War and its relevance on the War on Terror specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During the war, every French soldier was obliged to be alert and give all the relevant information about the enemy by collecting all the vital intelligence information (Branche, 548). Therefore, to achieve this, the soldiers sometimes tortured their opponents. Against this background, torture was permitted as a way of combating the increasing threat of terrorists’ activities. Though the use of harsh tactics is regrettable, it is good way of gathering intelligence information about the movement of terrorists around the world. Another reas on why the French used torture during the Algerian war was to provide it with all the necessary resources for the protection of its citizenry. When a country wants to preserve a strong national security, it is obliged to use harsh interrogation methods as the best alternative. In a situation when torture is used, prompted by the urge to save innocent lives, by just getting vital information from one individual, then it should be justifiable. The nation of France had always upheld principles of freedom, from freedom of speech to freedom of religion. Nevertheless, when the safety of its citizens was under threat, it had to sacrifice some of its rights. This was to make the country as safe as possible because insurgents could easily enter the country from Algeria. These rights, which were sacrificed, ensured that its citizens at home and army in the combat zone were safe from acts of terrorism. As much as the use of harsh interrogations can be considered as an inhumane practice, it sho uld be used when the need arises. To fight the growing insurgency in the world, torture is a vital tool that can be used effectively to achieve this. The formal arguments against the use of torture are absolute; they state that it has no exceptions. This widely held statement is not true because it is a misguided opinion that always comes from social commentators. This type of absolutist has created a void between good intentions and good consequences. As mush as the use of torture sounds inhumane, it is necessary to defeat successfully terrorist organizations around the world. In extreme circumstances, as experienced by the French military, radical measures ought to be done to avoid mass murder. If this consists of making a terrorist to feel pain in order to preserve thousands of innocent lives, then it is permissible. However, it is important to note that torture is more beneficial when used as a means of preventing future evils, rather than as a form of punishment. Terrorism will not be completely obliterated from the face of the earth if individuals settle down and stop making efforts to win the War on Terror. The use of torture, in extreme cases, is one way of making efforts to win the war.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Branche, Raphaelle. â€Å"Torture of terrorists? Use of torture in a â€Å"war against terrorism†: justifications, methods, and effects: the case of France in Algeria.† International Review of the Red Cross 89.867 (2007): 543-560. Print. Buchanan, Patrick J. â€Å"The case for torture.† Worldnetdaily. 10 March 2010. Web. https://www.wnd.com/2003/03/17663/ Levin, Michael. â€Å"The case for torture.† People.brandeis. N.d. Web. http://people.brandeis.edu/~teuber/torture.html United Nations. â€Å"Convention against torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.† UN convention. 10 Dec. 1987. Web. https://www.un.org/ruleoflaw/blog/document/convention-against-torture-and-other-cruel-inhuman-or-degrading-treatment-or-punishment-commentary/

Article review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Review - Article Example This lack of concern for the management always ends having cost effects on the company’s transport system, zoning, and environment and family lives of their employees. For instance the company hence has to compete with other companies for workers. Housing cost hence affects many businesses in various ways. The article also explores the housing options benefits that Tyson Foods, Inc. as a company are planning to offer in homeownership initiative. In addition, there is mentioning of the partnering of Tyson Foods, Inc. with Freddie Mac to provide financial assistance to specifically income-eligible workers. Most notably is the reference on various similar successful homeownership initiatives by other companies such as Cisco Systems, Mayo Clinic, Hewlett-Packard and Intel among others. Finally, the article substantiates the role companies should play in strengthening their workforce through proper homeownership initiatives. For in one way or another, all these companies have helpe d increase their workforce and communities through lasting housing solutions. The article substantiates the information provided by other reading concerning this subject of management’s role in provision better housing benefits to their workforce and the impacts it has on their operational cost. This article offers a significant contribution to various topic of urban planning giving detailed analysis of how housing costs affects many business bottom-line and society vitality more broadly. This is a concern for many urban planners, and hence the article helps in substantiating this subject. It adds to concerns of other studies including that done by Brown (2004). According to Brown (2004), by employers engaging in homeownership initiatives help retain loyal employees and cut on operational costs. Brown further added that such programs have been around for a while and have allowed employers expand operations, recruit new employees and be

Narrative, genre, script Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Narrative, genre, script - Essay Example In the Goblet of fire, the audience follows the life of Harry Potter in his fourth year at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry (Janice, 2013, p67). The book concentrates on the efforts the death eaters; lead by He Who shall not Be Named, to kill Harry during the Triwizard tournament. The books, with those that precede and follow it, all belong to the genre that is speculative fiction. Speculative fiction encompasses all forms of fantastical fiction in literature and arts. The books together with the films target the youth especially children (Victoria, 2011, p38). This is because the characters in the books are all children who later grow up to become adults. Throughout these series, the author narrates the challenges that Harry Potter encounters while growing up to become a wizard (Heilman, 2008, 21). The stories of his friends, Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger, are also intertwined with his. This book is halfway in the series and is key in the development of Harry Potter as the main character in the story. The book shows us the first glimpse of Harry as a growing adult who now has responsibilities (Janice, 2013, 73). In film, the characters that play Harry, Ron and Hermione have all grown up since the first instalment of this series. This essay will try to summarize and at the same time criticize this book, which is over seven hundred pages, to try to see if it fulfils the expectation of its alleged genre. Harry Potter, in all essence, is an unlikely hero. This is because of his stature, he has a skinny frame and wears spectacles, together with the fact that he learned about the wizarding world quite late in his life (Heilman, 2008, p93). Furthermore, Harry’s relatives do not appreciate him and often undervalue his prowess as a wizard. The Dursleys, his only surviving family members, mistreat Harry and they are wary of his abilities. The odds stacked against Harry are insurmountable from the beginning of the

Educational Psychology: Quantitative Research Methods

Educational Psychology: Quantitative Research Methods Rachel Price Select a psychological discipline and Identify the primary research methods and designs  used in that discipline, and consider why that may be the case. This assignment will look at a number research methods and designs used in Educational Psychology. While there are numerous research methods and designs used in Educational Psychology this assignment will focus on the use of quantitative research in the forms of interviews, questionnaires and case studies and will also discuss quantitative research in the form of psychometric testing used in the assessment of dyslexia such as the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (Wechsler 1949) and the Kaufman assessment battery for children (Kaufman Kaufman, 1983) and why each of the methods discussed are used, while looking at the validity and limitations of the methods and design. Educational Psychology is defined by Wittrock (1989) as the scientific discipline concerned with the development, evaluation, application and principles and theories of human learning. Educational Psychologists complete research when they examine the cognitive development of young children, explore the relationship between teachers preferences, educational experiences and classroom performance, and manipulate the structural features of lessons and study that result in student participation levels or explore the issues associated with the interaction of teachers and learners and learning contexts in situations (Berliner Calfee, 2004). Alexander and Winne, (2006) suggest all of these areas of research contribute to the science of learning and help develop guidelines for effective class room practises. The two research methods that influence scientific educational research are quantitative and qualitative approaches. Educational research tends to be a mixture of both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies (Williams, 2011). Quantitative research methods are primarily experimental in nature and concerned with the causal relationships between dependent and independent variables, whereas qualitative research methods are primarily non-experimental and concerned with identifying and describing themes underlying human experience or the experience of a particular phenomenon (Della Porta Keating, 2008). Willis (2008) argues that quantitative and qualitative research methods are often borrow elements or techniques from each other. For example, program-evaluation research, action research, and teacher-as-researcher methods are forms of mixed educational research design that use elements of both quantitative and qualitative methodologies (Johnson, Christensen, 2008). Educational psychologists rely on quantitative based research methods to help them make decisions about school programs and practices (Slavin, 2002). Stanovich and Stanovich (2003) define quantitative based research as a form of study that uses systematic methods that draw on careful observation or experimentation in order to make valid, credible and reliable, conclusions. The science part of educational psychology seeks to sort fact from fiction by using particular strategies for obtaining information (Johnson Christensen, 2000; Kawachi, Kennedy Glass, 1999). Wolfe (2010) argues that the art of educational psychology lies in translating scientifically valid and reliable information into viable and effective classroom practice. Quantitative research is objective, testable, and systematic ( Kothari, 2011). Gravetter and Forzano, (2015) suggest that It reduces the likelihood that information will be based on personal beliefs, feelings and opinions. Quantitative research is based on the scientific method, an approach that can be used to discover accurate information. It includes these steps: conceptualize the problem, collect data, draw conclusions, and revise research conclusions and theory( Cronbach, 1957).Once data has been collected, educational psychologists use statistical procedures to understand the meaning of their quantitative data to help draw conclusions. They also compare their findings with what others have discovered about the same issue. The final step in the scientific method is revising research conclusions and theory (Mertens, 2014).Slavin and Davis, (2006) suggest that educational psychologists have generated a number of theories about the best ways for students to learn McInerney, (2005) suggests that when an educational psychologist wants to test a hypothesis they can choose from many methods, such as observation .Scientific observation is highly systematic. It requires knowing what is being looked for, conducting observations in an unbiased manner, accurately recording and categorizing what was seen, and effectively communicating these observations (Hersen, Haynes Heiby, 2003). A common way to record observations is to write them down, using shorthand or symbols. In addition, tape recorders, video cameras, special coding sheets, one-way mirrors, and computers can be used to make observations more efficient. (Coolican, 2009). Educational psychologists conduct research in laboratories at the universities where they work and teach, although laboratories often help researchers gain more control in their studies, they have been criticized as being artificial. In representational observation, behaviour is observed out in the real world (McInerney, 2005 ).Educational psychologists conduct representational observations of children in classrooms, at museums, on playgrounds, in homes, in neighbourhoods, and in other settings (Gà ¶ncà ¼, Jain Tuermer, 2007). Educational psychologists use interviews and questionnaires to find out about students’ and teachers’ experiences (Vaughn, Schumm Sinagub, 1996). Interviews normally take place face-to-face, although they can be done over the phone or the Internet whereas questionnaires are usually given to individuals in printed form and can be filled out in many ways, such as in person, by mail, or via the Internet (Coolican, 2009). Good interviews and surveys involve concrete, specific, and unambiguous questions and some means of checking the authenticity of the respondents’ replies (Ritchie, Lewis, Nicholls Ormston, 2013). However Fowler (2008) argues that interviews and surveys are not without problems. One crucial limitation is that many individuals give socially desirable answers, responding in a way they think is most socially acceptable and desirable rather than how they truly think or feel. For example, some teachers, when interviewed or asked to fill out a questionna ire about their teaching practices, hesitate to admit honestly how frequently they chide or criticize their students (Loughran, 2002). Skilled interviewing techniques and questions that increase forthright responses are crucial to obtaining accurate information. Another problem with interviews and surveys is that the respondents sometimes simply lie (Coolican, 2009). Another type of research method used by educational psychologists are case studies (Woolfson, 2011). Crosling Webb, ( 2002) define case studies as descriptions of â€Å"real-life† experiences that illustrate important concepts and issues in a field of study . In other words, a case study is an in-depth examination of an individual or situation A case study presents a unique method for combining theory and practice in a problem-solving framework. Case studies differ from spoken or written statements, in that they typically do not contain outcomes or conclusions, but leave the reader to contemplate the most appropriate course of action (Crosling Webb, 2002).Traditionally, case studies have been associated with business, medicine, and law. Recently, however, case studies increasingly have been used in education to help teachers and teacher-candidates develop essential problem recognition and resolution skills (Clandinin Connelly, 2000; Elliott, Woloshyn, DiPetta, Bennett, 200 0). Educational Psychologists use psychometric testing during the assessment for dyslexia. Lyon, Shaywitz and Shaywitz (2003) define dyslexia as a specific learning difficulty that is unexpected in relation to an individuals cognitive abilities. Psychometric testing methods such as the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) (Wechsler 1949), which is an individually administered intelligence test designed for children between the ages of six and sixteen (Cohen, 2011) and contains fifteen subtests that provide a comprehensive assessment of intellectual ability which are divided into ten core subtests and five supplemental subtests (Grizzle, 2011). The Wechsler Individual Achievement Tests (WIAT) (Wechsler, 1992) is also used, and is a comprehensive test that assesses academic achievement by testing the ability to apply cognitive skills and knowledge to graded expectations It alsoincludes nine subtests designed to assess specific areas within the areas of reading, mathematics, writ ten language, and oral language (Johnson, 2011) Another psychometric test used in the assessment of dyslexia is the Kaufman assessment battery for children (KABC)( Kaufman Kaufman, 1983), which is a consistent and valid measure of cognitive abilities for children aged three to eighteen (Hall Noggle, 2011). Psychometric tests are defined by Coolican (2009) as instruments that measure mental measurement and include personality scales and also include measures of mental ability such as intelligence, linguistic ability, creative thinking etc. Psychometric tests are mainly used in educational settings to help identify students who may need additional learning support (Stapleton, 2001). Vernon and Parry (1949) argue that the variables that psychometric tests such as the WISC and KABC scales, use, are always the best measures, and for educational purposes most of the relevant variables are measured by well accepted tests. They also suggest that this is one of the main arguments for the use of psychometric testing over interviews or recommendations from teachers (Vernon Parry, 1949). Mislevy, Behrens, Dicerbo and Levy (2012) suggest that psychometrics is the measurement of educational and psychological construct. As the WISC-V, WIAT-II and KABC-II scales are all variations on pervious scales (i.e. the WISC scale is currently on version five) and have been validated by comparison with previous models they have concurrent validity (Coolican, 2009).Coolican (2009) also suggests that new personality and IQ tests are often compared with older but similar models that have been known to have good validity. Stapleton (2001) suggests that if an assessment score can is closely correlated with future performance, then the assessment used is said to have predictive validity, and that in turn the assessment can be used to predict the likelihood of future academic success or failure. However Atkinson, Atkinson, Smith and Bem (1993) argue that the degree of correlation between IQ scores and psychometric testing and people’s academic achievement declines as a student moves up from primary school to higher education. Moreno (2011) states that group intelligence tests are more practical than individual intelligence tests as they are designed to assess several students simultaneously, however due to their tendency to be less accurate than individual intelligence tests, some authorities do not administer the use of group IQ tests. Due to numerous technical problems with IQ calculations, such as the fact that chronological age increases indefinably, mental age does not, deviation IQ scores are used to interpret the results of IQ tests (Kline, 2013). References Alexander, P., Winne, P. (2006).  Handbook of educational psychology. Mahwah, N.J.: Erlbaum. Atkinson, R.L., Atkinson, R.C., Smith, E.E., Bem, D.J. (1993). Introduction to Psychology (11th ed.). Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace Jovanovitch. Berliner, D., Calfee, R. (2004).  Handbook of educational psychology. New York: Routledge. Clandinin, D. J., Connelly, F. M. (2000). Narrative inquiry: Experience and story in qualitative research. Cohen, M. J. (2011).  Children’s memory scale(pp. 556-559). Springer New York. Coolican, H. (2009).  Research methods and statistics in psychology. London: Hodder Education. Cronbach, L. J. (1957). The two disciplines of scientific psychology.  American psychologist, 12(11), 671. Crosling, G., Webb, G. (2002).  Supporting student learning. London: Kogan Page. Della Porta, D., Keating, M. (2008).  Approaches and methodologies in the social sciences. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press. Elliott, A., Woloshyn, V., DiPetta., Bennett, S (2002). Instructors manual for stories from Canadian classrooms. Toronto, ON : Pearson Education. Fowler Jr, F. J. (2008).  Survey research methods. Sage publications. Gà ¶ncà ¼, A., Jain, J., Tuermer, U. (2007). Children’s play as cultural interpretation.Play and development: Evolutionary, sociocultural, and functional perspectives, 155-178. Gravetter, F., Forzano, L. (2015).  Research methods for the behavioural sciences (5th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Grizzle, R. (2011). Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. In  Encyclopaedia of Child Behaviour and Development(pp. 1553-1555). Springer US Hall, J. J., Noggle, C. A. (2011). Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children. In  Encyclopaedia of Child Behaviour and Development(pp. 853-854). Springer US. Hersen, M., Haynes, S., Heiby, E. (2003).  Comprehensive handbook of psychological assessment. New York: Wiley. Johnson, K. L. (2011). Wechsler Individual Achievement Test. In  Encyclopaedia of Clinical Neuropsychology(pp. 2681-2682). Springer New York. Johnson, B., Christensen, L. (2000).  Educational research: Quantitative and qualitative approaches. Allyn Bacon. Johnson, B., Christensen, L. (2008).  Educational research: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approaches. Sage. Kaufman, A. S., Kaufman, N. L. (1983).  K-ABC: Kaufman assessment battery for children: Interpretive manual. American Guidance Service. Kawachi, I., Kennedy, B. P., Glass, R. (1999). Social capital and self-rated health: a contextual analysis.American journal of public health, 89(8), 1187-1193. Kline, P. (2013).  Handbook of psychological testing. Routledge Kothari, C. R. (2011).  Research methodology: methods and techniques. New Age International. Loughran, J. J. (2002).  Developing reflective practice: Learning about teaching and learning through modelling. Routledge. Lyon, G., Shaywitz, S., Shaywitz, B. (2003). A definition of dyslexia.Annals Of Dyslexia, 53(1), 1-14 McInerney, D. M. (2005). Educational Psychology–Theory, Research, and Teaching: A 25 year retrospective.Educational Psychology, 25(6), 585-599 Mertens, D. M. (2014).  Research and evaluation in education and psychology: Integrating diversity with quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. Sage Publications. Mislevy, R. J., Behrens, J. T., Dicerbo, K. E., Levy, R. (2012). Design and discovery in educational assessment: evidence-centred design, psychometrics, and educational data mining.  JEDM-Journal of Educational Data Mining, 4(1), 11-48. Moreno, R. (2010).Educational psychology. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Ritchie, J., Lewis, J., Nicholls, C. M., Ormston, R. (Eds.). (2013).  Qualitative research practice: A guide for social science students and researchers. Sage. Slavin, R. E. (2002). Evidence-based education policies: Transforming educational practice and research.  Educational researcher, 31(7), 15-21. Slavin, R. E., Davis, N. (2006). Educational psychology: Theory and practice .Stanovich, P. J., Stanovich, K. E. (2003). Using research and reason in education: How teachers can use scientifically based research to make curricular instructional decisions. Washington, DC: US Department of Education Stapleton, M. (2001). Education. London: Hodder Stoughton. Vaughn, S., Schumm, J. S., Sinagub, J. M. (1996).  Focus group interviews in education and psychology. Sage Publications. Vernon, P. E., Parry, J. B. (1949). Personnel selection in the British forces. Wechsler, D. (1949). Wechsler intelligence scale for children. Wechsler, D. (1992). Wechsler individual achievement test Psychological Corporation.  San Antonio. Williams, C. (2011). Research methods.Journal of Business Economics Research (JBER), 5(3). Willis, J. (Ed.). (2008).  Qualitative research methods in education and educational technology. IAP. Wittrock, M. C. (1989). Generative processes of comprehension.  Educational psychologist, 24(4), 345-376. Wolfe, P. (2010).  Brain matters: Translating research into classroom practice. ASCD.

Vera Bradley

Bad Brads BBQ purchased a piece of equipment by paying $5,000 cash. They also incurred a shipping cost of $400 to get the equipment to its factory. The fair value of this equipment is $7,000. For what amount should Bad Brads BBQ record the equipment? | $5,000. | | $5,400. | | $7,000. | | $7,400. | Research and development costs should be: | Expensed in the period incurred. | | Expensed in the period they are determined to be unsuccessful. | | Deferred pending determination of success. | | Expensed if unsuccessful, capitalized if successful. | Goodwill is: Amortized over the greater of its estimated life or forty years. | | Only recorded by the seller of a business. | | The excess of the fair value of a business as a whole over the fair value of all net identifiable assets. | | Recorded when created internally through advertising expense. | Which of the following is considered a â€Å"contra† account? | Unearned Revenue. | | Goodwill. | | Accumulated Depreciation. | | Costs of Good Sold. | Using the straight-line method, depreciation expense for 2012 would be: | $12,000. | | $11,000. | | $60,000. | | None of the other answers are correct. Using the straight-line method, the book value at December 31, 2012 would be: | $44,000. | | $49,000. | | $55,000. | | $60,000. | Using the double-declining balance method, depreciation expense for 2012 would be: | $24,000. | | $22,000. | | $19,000. | | $20,000. | Using the double-declining balance method, depreciation expense for 2013 would be: | $22,000. | | $13,200. | | $14,400. | | $24,000. | Berry Co. purchases a patent on January 1, 2012, for $40,000 and the patent has an expected useful life of five years with no residual value. Assuming Berry Co. ses the straight-line method, what is the  amortization expense  for the year ended December 31, 2013? | $0. | | $8,000. | | $16,000. | | $40,000. | Abbott Company purchased a computer that cost $10,000. It had an estimated useful life of 5 years and no residual valu e. The computer was depreciated by the straight-line method and was sold at the end of the fourth year of use for $3,000 cash. Abbott should record: | a gain of $1,000. | | a loss of $1,000. | | neither a gain nor a loss – the computer was sold at its book value. | | neither a gain nor a loss – the gain that occurred in this case would not be recognized. |

Evaluative Writing Essay

This article is based on the art of attack prevention and it aims at illustrating how security attack scenarios can be used to check the effectiveness of a system in preventing a system attack. Through the use of a system known as eSAP, the authors have made a report on how scenarios of possible attacks were selected and tested giving recommendations based on their results. The article comes in handy especially at a time where the issue on information system security is quite vital for companies to maintain. This paper analyzes the article by Haralambos, Paolo and Gordon’s article as to determine its appropriateness, usefulness and validity of the study. Throughout the study, examples and comparisons will be used to evaluate the work. Further justifications will be given for all arguments put forth. Evaluation The writer starts of the paper quite well by explaining what the paper will cover in the introduction. This gives the reader an overview of what to expect because he or she already has an idea of what the article is about (Memering’, 2008). The manner in which the introduction is done is also enticing such that the reader is encouraged to read on. Further, the authors introduce the article by referring to another article from which the current one stems from. This actually encourages the reader to desire to read the previous article. For those that cannot access it however, this is a disadvantage to them. Accordingly, it would have been wise for the writers to start with a brief history of the previously completed work so that the reader does can effectively understand where they started. Failure to do this is therefore a flaw in the paper and could impact on the desire of the reader to look at the paper. The authors make use of a real life example in the article to explain how the use of scenarios can be used to analyze the information systems design. eSAP (electronic Single Assessment Process) is assessed to using possible security attacks to establish whether its three main security features which include integrity, availability and privacy can be achieved in case of an attack (Haralambos, Paolo and Gordon, 2007). Attacks such as interruption, interception and modification were used to check eSAP. The use of an example not only makes the article more interesting to read but also enhances the understandability or the reader so that he or she can grasp exactly what the writers intend to say (Memering’, 2008). Besides this, the authors make use of a diagram for illustration. According to Memering, 2007), this is an effective way of making the readers to get the idea that the author is trying to pass across at a glance. For example, when a procedure is described in steps, the reader can actually follow these steps to and understand the described process better than when only the text was available. The article by Haralambos, Paolo and Gordon is quite useful in attack prevention. In the current times, many companies have been faced with threats of system attacks hence the need to avoid them. An example is a recent attack on Kaspersky, a major anti-virus vendor which occurred on the customer support site in February 2009 (O’Donnell, 2009). Since this paper addresses the possible ways in which systems meant to handle such cases can be tested, it is of significant importance. This paper could form a useful background for information system analysts to gauge the ability of different systems to effectively address the desired security concerns. Another reason why this article is very useful is that for every factor tested, there is a recommendation given to reduce the likelihood of the occurrence of that action in real life. For example, after testing the validity of passwords and the ability of the system to keep off intruders, the authors suggest the use of one-time passwords. Such kind of advice could be used by technicians to further enhance system security and thereby protect it from attack. This study is quite relevant in the study of information system security because it is quite unique in its own way. While other studies concentrate on showing the likely situations that are may face the security system, this paper suggests ways of testing them as well. Liu and Yu (2007) are some of the authors who came closest to doing this kind of research by analyzing the possible intentions of attackers which are also contained in this paper. They however left the research at that and did not proceed to test the scenarios. According to Liu and Yu (2007), once the attackers’ intentions are identified, the countermeasures to prevent attack can then be identified. They however fail to show the criteria that would be used to prevent attacks. Through the use of the eSAP scenario, Haralambos, Paolo and Gordon bring out the concept so well and even give suggestions on how to handle attacks. It is a good way of testing the effectiveness of a system in handling various security attacks which the management can utilize to establish which system to use in attack prevention. This is in line with what Liu and Yu (2009) suggest. According to them, a system can only be useful if it performs the job it is designed for. As an example, there is no way a system can allow every employee in a department to have a password and expect that this to be a secure way of protecting their system from attackers. This is a well researched article and it would be right to say that it is valid both in terms of facts and expressions made by the authors. Before the authors could perform the test, a set of scenarios are selected which are then put through a scenario validation procedure. This is done using software inspections so that the data validity is assured. The authors also make use of numerous sources to as backup for the study which makes the information contained valid to a large extent. Conclusion A paper that succeeds in putting across the desired message is said to be appropriate. If it is of benefit, then it is useful to the leaders. Should the paper give facts that can be evidenced then we can afford to say that it is valid. The article by Haralambos, Paolo and Gordon leaves the reader with a lot of knowledge to grasp. It is well researched using various books and the results can be said to be valid as they made use of a real life situation to test the system. The authors make the article simpler to understand through the use of examples and a diagram. The recommendations given in the paper could also prove useful to future managers and system technicians in designing strategies of attack prevention. References Liu, L. , Yu, E. , Mylopoulos, J. , (2007). Analyzing Security Requirements as Relationships Among Strategic Actors, Proceedings of the 2nd Symposium on Requirements Engineering for Information Security (SREIS’02), Raleigh-North Carolina. Memering, D. (2008). The writer’s work: guide to effective composition. New York: Prentice-Hall. Mouratidis, H. , Giorgini, P. & Manson, G. (2007). Using Security Attack Scenarios to Analyse Security During Information Systems Design. Retrieved on July 20, 2009 from http://homepages. uel. ac. uk/H. Mouratidis/Paper91_CR. pdf O’Donnell, A. (2009). Kaspersky suffers attack on support site, no apparent data breach. Retrieved on July 20, 2009 from http://blogs. zdnet. com/security/? p=2511

The Everlasting Glory Of Gilgamesh, Achilles And Odysseus

Heroes are great because they often have exaggerated traits. These traits are often manifested in the text when when they intentionally throw themselves in the face of death to gain their glory and fame. Although death is a concern for Gilgamesh, Achilles and Odysseus, the three do not respond in exactly the same way. The everlasting glory of Gilgamesh, Achilles and Odysseus come from how they deal with mortality. Heroes accept the fact that without the risk of the death, there tends to be no glory. Gilgamesh accepts this fact, unbeknownst to him, only theoretically. Initially, he even mocks Enkidu for his suggestions that they should consider how dangerous Humbaba is before heading taking on the mission of killing such a powerful monster. Gilgamesh, to counter Enkidu, suggests that living without glory would be worst than death and it would be shameful for them to pass on an opportunity for glory just because it would be dangerous ( ). Although Gilgamesh makes this assertion confidently during the passage, he does not believe this in reality as evident in the later in the narrative when he has a crisis over his mortality when Enkidu dies. So far, Gilgamesh had yet to face a foe that he had not been able to conquer but he realizes that he cannot bring back his friend from death, not through anger nor rage. It is worth noting than Enkidu is a match of Gilgamesh in strength so if Enkidu can su ccumb to death so can he. He truly realizes his own mortality because of this butShow MoreRelatedA True Hero in the Epic of Gigamesh Essay1689 Words   |  7 PagesWhat makes a hero? A hero can be born into greatness and lead an ordinary life. A hero can achieve and glory greatness and carry a noble death to their name. What turns an individual into the characteristic of a â€Å"hero† will depend on the journey they set upon. From ancient Greek culture, the concept of a hero was built from idolizing a religious figure, a deceased person who received cult honors and was expected to return home bearing prosperity in forms of plants or animals, back to their peopleRead MoreSearch for Immortality Depicted in The Epic of Gilgamesh and The Odyssey852 Words   |  4 Pagesobjective of their travels and adventures. This is no different in The Epic of Gilgamesh and The Odyssey. The heroes in both are tempted by the offer of immortality, however each of them turns it down for their o wn reasons. In The Odyssey, Odysseus rejects the offer of immortality from the goddess Calypso long after he discovers the true nature of the afterlife after travelling to Hades. In Hades he meets Achilles who tells him â€Å"I’d rather slave on earth for another man. than rule down here overRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And Achilles1775 Words   |  8 Pageshistory and cultural tradition of the gods and heroes of Greece. Achilles and Gilgamesh are considered mythological heroes; they are both hero’s that faces many problems through their journey and have fought many battles. These two legends have remained precious to the people now because their hero’s journey is unforgettable. They are both brave, and they have overcome many challenges to protect their family and city. Both Gilgamesh and Achilles share some similarities, such as they are both sons of a goddessRead More Gilgamesh, Achilles and the Human Condition Essay3880 Words   |  16 PagesGilgamesh, Achilles and the Human Condition Gilgamesh and Achilles, each heroes of their respective epic tales, embody the whole array of typical heroic attributes. They stand above. They are men set apart. They operate somehow in that area that lies between average mortals and the gods themselves. They are stronger, faster, more wily than those they face in battle. They overcome. They are men who stand alone in their various strengths. They are also susceptible to weakness. Each of them